Eight-year trends of cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality in patients with schizophrenia.

Morden NE, Lai Z, Goodrich DE, MacKenzie T, McCarthy JF, Austin K, Welsh DE, Bartels S, Kilbourne AM. Eight-year trends of cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality in patients with schizophrenia. General hospital psychiatry. 2012 Jul 1; 34(4):368-79.

Related HSR&D Project(s)

• IIR 08-116 – Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Among Veterans with Schizophrenia

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Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: We examined cardiometabolic disease and mortality over 8 years among individuals with and without schizophrenia. METHOD: We compared 65,362 patients in the Veteran Affairs (VA) health system with schizophrenia to 65,362 VA patients without serious mental illness (non-SMI) matched on age, service access year and location. The annual prevalence of diagnosed cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality was compared for fiscal years 2000-2007. Mean years of potential life lost (YPLLs) were calculated annually. RESULTS: The cohort was mostly male (88%) with a mean age of 54 years. Cardiometabolic disease prevalence increased in both groups, with non-SMI patients having higher disease prevalence in most years. Annual between-group differences ranged from < 1% to 6%. Annual mortality was stable over time for schizophrenia (3.1%) and non-SMI patients (2.6%). Annual mean YPLLs increased from 12.8 to 15.4 in schizophrenia and from 11.8 to 14.0 for non-SMI groups. CONCLUSIONS: VA patients with and without schizophrenia show increasing but similar prevalence rates of cardiometabolic diseases. YPLLs were high in both groups and only slightly higher among patients with schizophrenia. The findings highlight the complex population served by the VA while suggesting a smaller mortality impact from schizophrenia than previously reported.