Associations between PTSD and intimate partner and non-partner aggression among substance using veterans in specialty mental health.

Buchholz KR, Bohnert KM, Sripada RK, Rauch SA, Epstein-Ngo QM, Chermack ST. Associations between PTSD and intimate partner and non-partner aggression among substance using veterans in specialty mental health. Addictive Behaviors. 2017 Jan 1; 64:194-199.

Related HSR&D Project(s)

• CDA 11-245 – VA Healthcare Delivery for OEF/OIF Veterans with Mental & Substance Use Disorders
• IIR 09-333 – Impact of Interventions to Reduce Violence and Substance Abuse among VA Patients

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Risk factors of violence perpetration in veterans include substance use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, it is unknown whether these factors are associated with greater risk for partner or non-partner violence. This study investigated the associations between probable PTSD, heavy drinking, marijuana use, cocaine use, and partner and non-partner violence perpetration. METHODS: Self-report questionnaires assessing past-year partner and non-partner aggression (CTS2) as well as past-month substance use (SAOM), probable PTSD (PCL-C), and probable depression (PHQ-9) were administered to 810 substance using veterans entering VA mental health treatment. RESULTS: In bivariate analyses, probable PTSD in substance using veterans was associated with violence perpetration (partner physical, ?2 = 11.46, p = 0.001, f = 0.12; non-partner physical, ?2 = 50.64, p < 0.001, f = 0.25; partner injury, ?2 = 6.41, p = 0.011, f = 0.09; non-partner injury, ?2 = 42.71, p < 0.001, f = 0.23). In multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, probable PTSD was independently associated with non-partner physical (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97-4.05) and injury aggression (OR, 3.96; CI, 2.56-6.13). Cocaine and heavy drinking were independently associated with non-partner physical and injury aggression and non-partner injury aggression respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide evidence that probable PTSD, heavy drinking, and cocaine use are associated with increased risk of non-partner violence perpetration in substance using veterans. These results underscore the importance of screening for PTSD symptoms and violence perpetration towards non-partners in substance using veterans presenting for treatment.