Hypertension guidelines and coronary artery calcification among South Asians: Results from MASALA and MESA.

Patel J, Mehta A, Rifai MA, Blaha MJ, Nasir K, McEvoy JW, Pandey A, Kanaya AM, Kandula NR, Virani SS, Abbate A, Hundley G, Sperling L, Joshi PH. Hypertension guidelines and coronary artery calcification among South Asians: Results from MASALA and MESA. American journal of preventive cardiology. 2021 Jun 1; 6:100158.

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Abstract:

Untreated hypertension may contribute to increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in South Asians (SA). We assessed HTN prevalence among untreated adults free of baseline ASCVD from the MASALA and MESA studies. The proportion of participants who received discordant recommendations regarding antihypertensive pharmacotherapy use by the 2017-ACC/AHA and JNC7 Guidelines across CAC score categories in each race/ethnic group was calculated. Compared with untreated MESA participants (  =  3896), untreated SA (  =  445) were younger (55±8 versus 59±10 years), had higher DBP (73±10 versus 70±10 mmHg), total cholesterol (199±34 versus 196±34 mg/dL), statin use (16% versus 9%) and CAC = 0 prevalence (69% versus 58%), with fewer current smokers (3% versus 15%) and lower 10-year-ASCVD-risk (6.4% versus 9.9%) (all < 0.001). A higher proportion of untreated MASALA and MESA participants were diagnosed with hypertension and recommended anti-hypertensive pharmacotherapy according to the ACC/AHA guideline compared to JNC7 (all < 0.001). Overall, discordant BP treatment recommendations were observed in 9% SA, 11% Whites, 15% Blacks, 10% Hispanics, and 9% Chinese-American. In each race/ethnic group, the proportion of participants receiving discordant recommendation increased across CAC groups (all < 0.05), however was highest among SA (40% of participants). Similar to other race/ethnicities, a higher proportion of SA are recommended anti-hypertensive pharmacotherapy by ACC/AHA as compared with JNC7 guidelines. The increase was higher among those with CAC > 100 and thus may be better at informing hypertension management in American South Asians.