Veterans' preferences for tobacco treatment in primary care: A discrete choice experiment.

Katz DA, Hamlin C, Vander Weg MW, Grant KM, Stewart Steffensmeier KR, Paez M, Hawley ST, Gaeth G. Veterans' preferences for tobacco treatment in primary care: A discrete choice experiment. Patient education and counseling. 2020 Mar 1; 103(3):652-660.

Related HSR&D Project(s)

• PPO 15-429 – Understanding veterans' preferences for smoking cessation treatment in primary care

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Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate US veterans'' preferences for smoking cessation counseling and pharmacotherapy. METHODS: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted in 123 Veterans Health Administration primary care outpatients who planned to quit smoking within 6 months. Key attributes of tobacco cessation treatment were based on literature review and expert opinion. We used a hierarchical Bayesian approach with a logit model to estimate the part-worth utility of each attribute level and used latent class logit models to explore preference heterogeneity. RESULTS: In the aggregate, participants valued counseling options with the following attributes: higher quit rate at 1?year, emphasis on autonomy, familiarity of the counselor, counselor''s communication skills, and inclusion of printed materials on smoking cessation. Participants valued pharmacotherapy options with the following attributes: higher quit rate at 1?year, lower risk of physical side effects, zero copayment, monthly check-in calls, and less weight gain. Latent class analysis revealed distinct clusters of patients with a unique preference "phenotype." CONCLUSIONS: Veterans have distinct preferences for attributes of cessation counseling and pharmacotherapy. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Identifying patients'' preferences provides an opportunity for clinicians to offer tailored treatment options that better engage veterans in their own care and boost adherence to guideline-recommended counseling and pharmacotherapy.