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Nirenberg E, Perencevich EN. Understanding and Improving Vaccine Effectiveness Estimates in the Age of Widespread Background Immunity: A Step Toward Improved Science Communication. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2023 May 3; 76(9):1535-1538.
Medical decision making and scientific communication around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and booster doses requires proper understanding of how vaccine effectiveness estimates are determined and the potential biases inherent in current estimates. The importance of background immunity from prior infection is reviewed along with ideas for improving the vaccine effectiveness estimates.